98C 1-17
1. The words "Coca-colonization"(lines 4-5) is in inverted commas because¡K
D. It is an invented word
| Explanation | Skill tested |
| There is no such a word. It is the combination of Coca-Cola and colonization | Punctuation |
2. Who are the "supporters" referred to in line 5?
C. Westerners proud of exporting Western culture
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| "In recent years, Westerners have reassured themselves and irritated others by expounding the notion that the culture of the West is, and ought to be, the culture of the world. This notion takes two forms. One is the "Coca-colonization argument. It's supporter¡K (lines 1-5) | The supporters refer to those who support "Coca-colonization" who have the notion that the culture of the West is the culture of the world. | Reference |
3 . What does "The other" (line 9) refer to?
B. An argument
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| "This notion takes two forms. One is the
"Cola-colonization" argument" (lines 4-5) ""The other has to do with modernization¡K" (lines 9-10) |
The other refers to the second form of the notion, i.e. an argument. | Reference |
4. What is the writer's attitude, as shown in paragraph 1, towards the exporting of Western culture to other societies?
C. Critical
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| In recent years, Westerners have reassured themselves and irritated others by expounding the notion that the culture of the West is¡K" (lines 1-3) | Irritation means violent invasion. The writer does not praise the export of Western culture to other societies | Inference |
5. In paragraph 2, what is the writer's viewpoint with regard to the two arguments described in paragraph 1?
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| "Both of these ideas project the image of an emerging, homogeneous, universally-Western world - and both are to varying degrees misguided, arrogant, false, and dangerous" (lines 15-18) | The writer uses four adjectives with negative meanings to describe the two arguments. It shows that the writer does not agree with the arguments | Inference |
6. What does the writer say about modern and traditional cultures?
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| "That there are significant difference between modern and traditional cultures is beyond disputes. A world in which some societies are highly modern and others still traditional will obviously be less homogeneous than a world in which all societies are comparably modern" (lines 22-25) | It clearly states there are significant difference. Less homogeneous indicates the difference between modern and traditional society | Reading for Specific information |
7. How similar does the writer feel societies are these days when compares with those hundreds of years ago?
B. Societies are just as different as now as then
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| ¡§Only a few¡KWas that world any less homogeneous than a future world of universal modernity is likely to be? Probably not.¡¨(Lines 28~31) | The societies in few hundred years ago are probably not less homogeneous than a future universal world. Hence which are just still different from past to now. | Reading for specific information. |
8. What does the word ¡§do¡¨ (line 34) stand in place of?
A. merge into homogeneity
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| "Modern societies¡Kbut they do not necessarily merge into homogeneous. The argument that they do rested on¡K¡¨(Lines 31~34) | ¡§do not necessarily merge into homogeneity¡¨, but it ¡§do¡¨ if the following assumptions would be realize. | Reference |
9. The writer states that the West could be call Westernised¡K
A. from the 8th century.
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| ¡§Virtually all scholars of civilization agree that Western civilizations emerged in the 8th and 9th centuries¡K¡¨(Lines 38~40) | Stated directly in the paragraph | Reading for specific information |
10. With regard to Westernizing and modernizing, the writer suggests that as they modernized¡K
A. a few countries have adopted Western ideas.
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| " More often, leaders of non- western societies have pursued modernization but rejected Westernisation.¡¨(Lines 47~49) | In other words, a few countries have adopted Western ideas, which is said to be westernisation. | Inference |
11.Which of the following countries does the writer suggest are modern societies?
1. Japan 2. Singapore 3. Taiwan 4. Saudi Arabia
C. all of them
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and, to a lesser degree, Iran have become modern societies without becoming Western¡K¡¨(Lines 48~50) | Stated in the paragraph that they all are modern countries. However, Iran is said to be in a lesser degree. | Reading for specific information |
12. According to the writer, societies have borrowed form each other¡K
C. to help them continue to exist.
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested |
| "Most of the world¡¦s great civilization have borrowed from other civilization in ways that enhance their own chances of survival.(Lines 55~57) | Their chances of survival are based on existing their own. | Reference |
13.What does the word ¡§it¡¨ in line59 refers to?
(D). China¡¦s absorption of Buddhism
| Sources | Explanation | Skill tested | ||
| ¡§China¡¦s absorption of Buddhism from India, scholars agree, failed to produce the ¡§Indianisation¡¨ of China, it instead caused the ¡§Sinofication¡¨ of Buddhism as the Chinese adapted Buddhism to their own Purposes and needs.¡¨(line57 to line 61) | The word ¡§it¡¨ modify the previous noun clause ¡§China¡¦s absorption of
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14. What does the writer suggest is the effect on a country of modernisation and economic development?
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| Sources | Explanation | Skill tested | ||
| ¡§On the contrary, they promote a resurgence of, and renewed commitment to, traditional cultures. Modernization enhances the economic wealth and military power of a country and encourages people to have confidence in their heritage and to become culturally assertive. ¡¨(line 63 to line 68) |
The word ¡§resurgence¡¨ means reviving, so that we can see that the people have an interest on their own culture. | Inference | ||
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15.According to the writer, there has been a world-wide ¡§revival of religion¡¨(line74)¡K
(D). As a reaction to modernization
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| Source | Explanation | Skill tested | ||
| ¡§The global revival of religion, which is most marked in Muslim and Asian societies, is a direct consequence of modernization¡¨(line 74 to line 76) | In the sentence, we can see that the cause of global revival of religion is the consequence of modernization. Therefore, the revival of religion is a reaction of modernization | Reading from specific information | ||
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16.The writer states that nowadays East Asian societies¡K
(B). Believe that their own culture is superior to Western culture.
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested | ||
| ¡§Indeed, East Asians today attribute their dramatic economic development not to their import of Western culture but to adherence to their own culture.(line91 to line 94) | The word ¡§adherence¡¨ means support firmly. That means that the East Asian now support their own culture but not the Western Culture, so the answer is (B) | Inference | ||
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17. According to the writer, East Asians see their success as being due to the fact that¡K
(D) They have maintained their own cultural values
| Source | Explanation | Skill tested | ||
| ¡§They have succeeded, they argue, not because they became like the West, but because they have remained different¡¨(line 94 to line 96) | This shows that the succeed of East Asians is not because of Western culture, but have maintained their own culture. | Reading from specific information | ||
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